truel_simulation
    
    
    
      truel_simulation,
      a MATLAB code which
      simulates N instances of a duel between three players.
    
    
      Player 1 fires at player 2 or 3, and hits with a probability of P(1).
      Then, if Player 2 is alive, he fires at Player 1 or 3, hitting with
      a probability of P(2).
      Then, if Player 3 is alive, he fires at Player 1 or 2, hitting with
      a probability of P(3).
      Play continues until only one duellist remains.
    
    
      The simulation is intended to estimate the probabilities that a
      player will survive, and the number of turns required.
    
    
      Usage:
    
    
      
        [ s, turn_average ] = truel_simulation ( p, duel_num )
      
      where
      
        - 
          p is a vector of length 3 containing the probabilities that each player 
          will hit the target they aim at on any given shot.
        
 
        - 
          duel_num is the number of duels to simulate.
        
 
        - 
          s is a vector of length 3 containing the probabilities that each
          player is the survivor.
        
 
        - 
          turn_average is the average number of turns to complete the duel.
        
 
      
    
    
      Licensing:
    
    
      The information on this web page is distributed under the MIT license.
    
    
      Languages:
    
    
      truel_simulation is available in
      a MATLAB version and
      an Octave version and
      a Python version.
    
    
      Related Data and codes:
    
    
      
      truel_simulation_test
    
    
      
      matlab_simulation,
      a MATLAB code which
      uses simulation to study card games, contests, and other processes
      which have a random element.  Usually, the purpose is to try to
      predict the average behavior of the system over many trials.
    
    
      Reference:
    
    
      
        - 
          Martin Gardner,
          "The Triangular Duel",
          The Second Scientific American Book of Mathematical
          Puzzles and Diversions,
          Simon and Schuster, 1961.
         
        - 
          Marc Kilgour, Steven Brams,
          The Truel,
          Mathematics Magazine,
          Volume 70, Number 5, December 1997, pages 315-326.
         
        - 
          Paul Nahin,
          Duelling Idiots and Other Probability Puzzlers,
          Princeton University Press, 2000,
          ISBN13: 978-0691009797,
          LC: QA273.N29.
         
        - 
          Martin Shubik,
          "Does the Fittest Necessarily Survive?",
          in Readings in Game Theory and Political Behavior,
          edited by Martin Shubik,
          Doubleday, 1954,
          LC: H61.S53.
         
      
    
    
      Source Code:
    
    
      
    
    
    
      Last revised on 02 April 2019.