Initial array:

a[0] = 210
a[1] = 421
a[2] = 132
a[3] = 343
a[4] = 854
a[5] = 165
a[6] = 276
a[7] = 587
a[8] = 398
a[9] = 109

Sorting:

Deal with the value 421, currently stored in a[1]
  421 is NOT smaller than 210, stops at position 1
Deal with the value 132, currently stored in a[2]
  132 is smaller than 421, move to position 1
  132 is smaller than 210, move to position 0
Deal with the value 343, currently stored in a[3]
  343 is smaller than 421, move to position 2
  343 is NOT smaller than 210, stops at position 2
Deal with the value 854, currently stored in a[4]
  854 is NOT smaller than 421, stops at position 4
Deal with the value 165, currently stored in a[5]
  165 is smaller than 854, move to position 4
  165 is smaller than 421, move to position 3
  165 is smaller than 343, move to position 2
  165 is smaller than 210, move to position 1
  165 is NOT smaller than 132, stops at position 1
Deal with the value 276, currently stored in a[6]
  276 is smaller than 854, move to position 5
  276 is smaller than 421, move to position 4
  276 is smaller than 343, move to position 3
  276 is NOT smaller than 210, stops at position 3
Deal with the value 587, currently stored in a[7]
  587 is smaller than 854, move to position 6
  587 is NOT smaller than 421, stops at position 6
Deal with the value 398, currently stored in a[8]
  398 is smaller than 854, move to position 7
  398 is smaller than 587, move to position 6
  398 is smaller than 421, move to position 5
  398 is NOT smaller than 343, stops at position 5
Deal with the value 109, currently stored in a[9]
  109 is smaller than 854, move to position 8
  109 is smaller than 587, move to position 7
  109 is smaller than 421, move to position 6
  109 is smaller than 398, move to position 5
  109 is smaller than 343, move to position 4
  109 is smaller than 276, move to position 3
  109 is smaller than 210, move to position 2
  109 is smaller than 165, move to position 1
  109 is smaller than 132, move to position 0

Sorted array:

a[0] = 109
a[1] = 132
a[2] = 165
a[3] = 210
a[4] = 276
a[5] = 343
a[6] = 398
a[7] = 421
a[8] = 587
a[9] = 854