satisfy_brute


satisfy_brute, a Fortran77 code which uses brute force to find all assignments of values to a set of logical variables which make a complicated logical statement true.

This problem assumes that we are given a logical circuit of AND, OR and NOT gates, with N binary inputs and a single output. We are to determine all inputs which produce a 1 as the output.

The general problem is NP complete, so there is no known polynomial-time algorithm to solve the general case. The natural way to search for solutions then is exhaustive search.

In an interesting way, this is a very extreme and discrete version of the problem of maximizing a scalar function of multiple variables. The difference is that here we know that both the input and output only have the values 0 and 1, rather than a continuous range of real values!

This problem is a natural candidate for parallel computation, since the individual evaluations of the circuit are completely independent.

The example circuit considered here has been described in conjunctive normal form ("CNF"). This is a standard format for logical formulas. At the highest level, the formula consists of clauses joined by the AND (conjunction) operator. Each clause consists of signed literals joined by the OR (disjunction) operator. Each signed literal is either the name of a variable (positive literal), or the name of a variable preceded by the NOT (negation) operator (a negative literal). There is a CNF file format that can be used to store logical formulas that have been cast into conjunctive normal form.

Licensing:

The information on this web page is distributed under the MIT license.

Languages:

satisfy_brute is available in a C version and a C++ version and a Fortran90 version and a MATLAB version and an Octave version and a Python version.

Related Data and Programs:

satisfy_brute_test

cnf, a data directory which describes the DIMACS CNF file format for defining instances of the satisfy problem for boolean formulas in conjunctive normal form.

COMBINATION_LOCK, a Fortran77 program which simulates the process of determining the secret combination of a lock.

COMBO, a Fortran77 library which includes many combinatorial routines.

knapsack_01_brute, a Fortran77 library which uses brute force to solve small versions of the 0/1 knapsack problem;

partition_brute, a Fortran77 library which seeks solutions of the partition problem, splitting a set of integers into two subsets with equal sum.

search_serial, a Fortran77 program which searches the integers from A to B for a value J such that F(J) = C. this version of the program is intended as a starting point for a parallel approach.

subset, a Fortran77 library which enumerates combinations, partitions, subsets, index sets, and other combinatorial objects.

tsp_brute, a Fortran77 program which reads a file of city-to-city distances and solves the traveling salesperson problem, using brute force.

Reference:

  1. Rina Dechter,
    Enhancement Schemes for constraint processing: Backjumping, learning, and cutset decomposition,
    Artificial Intelligence,
    Volume 41, Number 3, January 1990, pages 273-312.
  2. Bryan Hayes,
    Can't Get No Satisfaction,
    American Scientist,
    Volume 95, Number 1, January-February 1997, pages 16-20.
  3. Michael Quinn,
    Parallel Programming in C with MPI and OpenMP,
    McGraw-Hill, 2004,
    ISBN13: 978-0071232654,
    LC: QA76.73.C15.Q55.
  4. Steven Skiena,
    The Algorithm Design Manual,
    Springer, 1997,
    ISBN: 0-387-94860-0,
    LC: QA76.9.A43S55.

Source Code:


Last revised on 27 October 2022.