Mon Feb 24 07:57:57 2020 

i1mach_test
  R version 3.4.4 (2018-03-15) 
  i1mach(i) evaluates the i-th machine constant.
  associated with integer computer arithmetic.

  Numbers associated with input/output units:

  I1MACH(1) = the standard input unit =  5 
  I1MACH(2) = the standard output unit =  6 
  I1MACH(3) = the standard punch unit =  7 
  I1MACH(4) = the standard error message unit =  6 

  Numbers associated with words:

  I1MACH(5) = the number of bits per integer =  32 
  I1MACH(6) = the number of characters per integer =  4 

  Numbers associated with integer values:

  Assume integers are represented in the S digit 
  base A form:

    Sign * (X(S-1)*A^(S-1) + ... + X(1)*A + X(0))

  where the digits X satisfy 0 <= X(1:S-1) < A.

  I1MACH(7) = A, the base =  2 
  I1MACH(8) = S, the number of base A digits =  31 
  I1MACH(9) = A^S-1, the largest integer =  2147483647 

  Numbers associated with floating point values:

  Assume floating point numbers are represented 
  in the T digit base B form:

    Sign * (B^E) * ((X(1)/B) + ... + (X(T)/B^T) )

  where 

    0 <= X(1:T) < B,
    0 < X(1) (unless the value being represented is 0),
    EMIN <= E <= EMAX.

  I1MACH(10) = B, the base =  2 

  Numbers associated with single precision values:

  I1MACH(11) = T, the number of base B digits =  53 
  I1MACH(12) = EMIN, the smallest exponent E =  -1022 
  I1MACH(13) = EMAX, the largest exponent E =  1024 

  Numbers associated with double precision values:

  I1MACH(14) = T, the number of base B digits =  53 
  I1MACH(15) = EMIN, the smallest exponent E =  -1022 
  I1MACH(16) = EMAX, the largest exponent E. =  1024